Closing questions

What is the difference between an owner's policy and a lender's policy?

An owner's policy insures the buyer for the purchase price. A lender's policy insures the bank for the loan amount. How the two differ on a New York closing.

What is the difference between an owner's policy and a lender's policy?

Quick Answer

The two policies insure different people. An owner's policy insures the buyer up to the purchase price for as long as the buyer owns the property. A lender's policy insures the mortgage holder up to the loan amount while the loan is outstanding. Both are written on the same closing.

Both policies rest on the same title search and the same commitment. Schedule A of each names its insured and its amount, and that is where the difference starts: the owner's policy names you at the purchase price, the lender's policy names the mortgage holder at the loan amount.

Duration differs as well. The lender's policy is tied to the life of the mortgage and drops away when the loan is satisfied or refinanced with a new lender. The owner's policy runs as long as you hold title and continues in favor of your heirs after that.

The exceptions can differ too. Lenders commonly require endorsements the owner's policy does not carry, and some standard exceptions in an owner's policy are removed on the lender's side because the loan program will not accept them. Read both Schedule B sections rather than assuming they match.

On a refinance there is usually no owner's policy at all, only a new lender's policy for the new loan. The owner's policy taken at the original purchase stays in force and is not replaced by the refinance. That is one reason to keep the original policy filed with your deed rather than with the loan papers.

Does refinancing cancel my owner's policy?

No. The owner's policy runs from the date you took title and is not affected by paying off or replacing the mortgage. What ends is the old lender's policy, which is why a refinancing lender requires a new one. Keep the original owner's policy with your deed permanently.

Why does the lender need its own policy?

Because the owner's policy insures you, not the bank, and the bank has its own loss to protect: the security of the mortgage lien and its priority against other claims. Secondary market rules for conventional, FHA and VA loans effectively require a lender's policy on nearly every financed purchase.

What else should you read before closing?

In the glossary

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